Typically just a symptom of age, spinal stenosis occurs when bony growths in the spine narrow the central canal, constricting the spinal cord and associated nerves. Deterioration of the facet joints in the back of the spine can also play a contributing factor – as well as injury or structural deformity (as in scoliosis). There are two types of spinal stenosis and both exhibit different symptoms:
- Lumbar stenosis: occurring in the lower back, symptoms often include tingling, weakness or numbness in the lower back and legs and leg pain when walking.
- Cervical stenosis: occurring in the neck, symptoms often include pain, weakness or numbness in the shoulders, arms and legs, neck pain and burning sensations, pins and needles and tingling in the impacted extremity.
Arthritis of the Spine
Spinal arthritis is inflammation of the facet joints in the spine or sacroiliac joints between the spine and the pelvis. Stiffness and loss of flexibility in the spine are the most common symptoms, which often results in noticeable difficulty with straightening your back or turning your neck. Swelling and tenderness over the affected vertebrae and sensations of grinding when moving the spine are also common, as well as pain, swelling and stiffness in other areas of the body.
Degenerative Disc Disease
An age-related condition that happens when one or more of the discs between the vertebrae of the spinal column deteriorates or breaks down, degenerative disc disease can often cause moderate to severe loss of flexibility, in addition to bone spurs and resulting nerve root compression, that can often lead to pain. Symptoms can also include weakness, numbness and pain that radiates down the leg.
Sciatica